Sulistyianingsih Sulistyianingsih, Anim Falakhudin, Annisa Azkiya, Bintang Ananda, Caroline Margarete, Hasna Labibah, Milatun Nadhifah

Stunting remains a major nutritional problem affecting children’s growth and development in Indonesia. Vitamin A deficiency is one of the contributing factors, as this micronutrient plays a vital role in maintaining immune function, supporting growth, and protecting against infection-related growth impairment. Community education is essential to increase parental awareness of the importance of vitamin A in preventing stunting. This qualitative descriptive study was conducted at Nanas Posyandu, Karangroto Village, Semarang City, on February 12, 2025, involving 25 parents and their 25 toddlers. The educational activity lasted 60 minutes and included counseling sessions using posters, leaflets, and vitamin A capsule models. The session covered the functions of vitamin A, recommended supplementation schedules, and signs of deficiency that may increase the risk of stunting. Data were collected through field observations, participant feedback, and documentation, then analyzed qualitatively to describe participants’ engagement and understanding. The results showed increased awareness and improved understanding among parents regarding the broader role of vitamin A, not only for vision but also for immune support and growth. Participants actively engaged in discussions and demonstrated positive responses to the community-based education. This activity highlights that participatory health education at the community level can enhance nutrition literacy and support the sustainability of national stunting prevention programs. It is recommended that similar educational initiatives be implemented regularly, involving Posyandu cadres and local health workers to reach more families with young children.

Kolaborasi Masyarakat

Moh. Wahyu, Muhammad Irfan Mufti

The rapid rollout of Indonesia’s Kurikulum Merdeka has posed significant implementation challenges at the school level, particularly in areas lacking adequate resources and policy comprehension. Senior High School 7, Palu City, as one of the early adopters in Central Sulawesi, reflects this broader national trend. This study aims to examine the implementation of Kurikulum Merdeka at SMA Negeri 7 Palu using Van Meter and Van Horn’s policy implementation model. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed, with data collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis involving 12 informants, including teachers, administrators, and local education officials. Findings reveal that while the school has formally adopted the curriculum, key indicators such as policy standards, resource availability, and inter-agency communication remain underdeveloped. Many teachers reported limited understanding of the curriculum’s structure, and the learning infrastructure was found to be below the required standard. On the other hand, community and parental support were consistently strong. In conclusion, although the school exhibits foundational readiness, systemic constraints continue to hinder full implementation. Targeted capacity development and improved coordination are essential to realize the curriculum’s intended goals. Additionally, the discussion section has been strengthened by incorporating international literature, such as Fullan (2015), Darling-Hammond et al. (2020), Hargreaves & O’Connor (2018), and OECD (2022), to provide a broader comparative perspective on curriculum reform and implementation practices.

Education and Learning

Stephanie Octavia, Santhy Wisuda Sidauruk, Noor Ira Sari

Utilizing freshwater mussel shell waste as a sustainable source of calcium-based biomaterials represents an eco-friendly approach to producing hydroxyapatite for oral care applications. Hydroxyapatite acts as an active component in toothpaste formulations, functioning as an abrasive and inhibiting bacterial growth responsible for dental plaque. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of adding hydroxyapatite to toothpaste on its physicochemical and microbiological characteristics and to determine the best formulation of freshwater mussel shell–based hydroxyapatite toothpaste. The research included hydroxyapatite synthesis, toothpaste production, and evaluation of physicochemical and microbiological properties. An experimental method using a completely randomized design was employed, consisting of four treatments: TH35 (35% hydroxyapatite), TH45 (45% hydroxyapatite), TH55 (55% hydroxyapatite), and TK (commercial toothpaste). The results showed that the addition of hydroxyapatite significantly affected the physicochemical characteristics (color, aroma, texture, homogeneity, spreadability, pH, and foam height) and microbiological activity (inhibition zone against Staphylococcus aureus) at a 95% confidence level (p < 0.001). The best formulation, based on pH, calcium content, and bacterial inhibition zone, was obtained with 55% hydroxyapatite, having a pH of 7.39, calcium content of 15.97%, and an inhibition zone of 22.24 mm against Staphylococcus aureus. These findings demonstrate that mussel shell–derived hydroxyapatite can serve as a sustainable and functional ingredient in toothpaste formulations with enhanced antibacterial and physicochemical performance.

Aquatic Life Sciences

Rizal Rizal, Syahruddin Syahruddin

Indonesia’s past is marked by state violence and structural injustice, often left unexamined in public discourse. Literature, particularly poetry, offers a powerful medium to revisit and critique these social wounds. This study aims to analyze Mata Luka Sengkon Karta by Peri Sandi Huizche through the lens of literary sociology, focusing on the authorial context, reader reception, and textual content to uncover embedded social values and historical narratives. Using a qualitative-descriptive method, data were collected through textual analysis and in-depth interviews with two literary readers. The study applies and slightly extends Wellek and Warren’s sociological model by examining how contemporary Indonesian poetry combines theatrical performance, ideological critique, and interpretive response. The findings reveal that the poem not only narrates the wrongful persecution of Sengkon and Karta but also reflects broader issues such as authoritarian repression, economic disparity, and ideological conflict in Indonesia’s political past. Reader responses indicate heightened awareness of historical injustice and a strengthened sense of social solidarity. The study concludes that Huizche’s work functions as a medium of resistance and moral reflection, reaffirming the relevance of literature in socio-political critique. These findings emphasize the importance of engaging poetry as a means of collective memory and transformative discourse. Theoretically, the study contributes to Indonesian literary sociology by showing how poetry can mediate both aesthetic and political resistance, reaffirming literature’s role as cultural memory and sociological critique.

Artistic Studies

Deva Tri Rahma Dina, Asna Istya Marwantika

Interfaith relationships remain a socially and emotionally complex issue in Indonesia, where love often collides with religious boundaries. Despite the prominence of interfaith themes in popular culture, few studies have examined how such tensions are represented semiotically through audiovisual media. Addressing this gap, the present research analyzes Petrus Mahendra’s lyric video “Seamin Tapi Tak Seiman” using Charles Sanders Peirce’s triadic semiotic model to explore how signs convey meanings of interfaith love, conflict, and moral negotiation. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed through transcription, coding, and interpretation of selected lyrical and visual segments. The findings reveal that qualisigns (emotive phrases), sinsigns (symbolic acts), and legisigns (ritual practices) express struggles between affection and doctrine. Interpretants emerge as emotional empathy, moral reflection, and acceptance, showing how audiences may internalize interfaith dilemmas through music. The study contributes a novel perspective by extending Peircean semiotics into the moral and cultural domain of popular music, demonstrating how audiovisual texts mediate intersections of love, belief, and identity in Indonesia’s plural society.

Artistic Studies

Siti Julaikah

Creativity in early childhood often remains underdeveloped due to structured, teacher-centered instruction that limits children’s opportunities for exploration. This study examined the effectiveness of the fingerpainting method in enhancing coloring creativity among children aged 5–6 years at TK Islam Al Husna, Salatiga. Using a quasi-experimental design with non-equivalent control and experimental groups, two classes were compared: Class B1 received finger painting activities, while Class B4 followed conventional instruction. Data were collected through validated observation sheets and analyzed using SPSS 26. Results showed that children who engaged in finger painting demonstrated markedly higher creativity scores than those in the control group. These findings suggest that finger painting offers an effective, sensory-based approach for promoting creativity in early childhood. Unlike previous studies that focused on traditional art instruction, this research highlights the value of tactile, exploratory learning experiences that enable children to express their ideas more freely. This study extends earlier work by providing empirical evidence from an Indonesian early childhood context, where structured, conformity-based instruction still predominates. It contributes to the global understanding of how culturally responsive, sensory-rich art activities can serve as powerful tools to foster creativity and expressive freedom among young learners.

Artistic Studies

Khairil Roqi

Indonesian films often employ rich visual styles, yet systematic studies on how cinematographic principles construct ideological meaning remain limited. This study addresses that gap by examining how Joseph V. Mascelli’s 5C cinematographic principles are applied in the film 3: Alif Lam Mim, emphasizing how visual storytelling shapes narrative and ideology. Using a qualitative-descriptive method and close reading of key scenes, the research analyzes composition, camera angles, shot size, continuity, and editing as visual tools for meaning-making. The findings reveal over 90% alignment between the film’s visual language and Mascelli’s 5C model. Specific examples include the use of the rule of thirds (57:43), golden mean (1:12:37), and diagonal depth (2:00:58), as well as high and low angles to modulate vulnerability and dominance. Editing techniques, such as the smash cut at 29:21, effectively convey psychological rupture. The results indicate that 3: Alif Lam Mim employs cinematography not merely for aesthetics but as a critical narrative device, reinforcing ideological stance and emotional resonance. This highlights the role of visual grammar in socio-political storytelling within Indonesian cinema.

Artistic Studies

Dewi Sekar Arum, Pramesti Fadhila Pamuji Putri, Firly Maulana Azazi, Ridho Riyadi, Imam Prayogo Pujiono, Arditya Prayogi, Riki Nasrullah

Bullying is an aggressive act carried out intentionally and repeatedly, whether physical, verbal, or social, to hurt or demean others. This phenomenon remains prevalent in elementary school environments and has negative impacts on students’ emotional and social development. This community service activity aimed to increase students’ understanding and awareness of bullying, foster empathy, and build a culture of mutual respect within the school environment. The method used was interactive counseling consisting of five stages: problem identification, planning, preparation, implementation, and evaluation. The activity involved 22 fifth-grade students of SDN 02 Banjarejo Pekalongan, using a questionnaire instrument containing 10 questions in the form of a pre-test and a post-test to measure students’ comprehension levels. The results were analyzed descriptively and quantitatively based on the percentage change between pre-test and post-test scores. The findings showed that before the socialization, 70% (15 students) did not yet understand the concept of bullying, whereas after the activity, 90% (20 students) were able to recognize its forms and impacts as well as understand preventive measures. In addition to increasing knowledge, the program also created a safe dialogue space for students to share experiences and learn assertive behavior. Therefore, this interactive educational activity proved effective in improving understanding, empathy, and mutual respect among students, serving as an initial step toward creating an inclusive and bullying-free elementary school environment.

Kolaborasi Masyarakat

Fini Afidah, Abdul Qadir Jailani, Muhammad Tri Aji

Rivers serve as essential water sources for freshwater aquaculture, and their quality must meet physical, chemical, and biological standards to ensure environmental sustainability. This study aimed to assess the water quality of the Sengkarang River in Pekalongan Regency, Central Java, Indonesia, determine its suitability for freshwater aquaculture, and identify fish species appropriate for cultivation. The research was conducted from October to November 2021 during the transitional period from dry to rainy season at three sampling sites representing the upstream (Legokalong Village), midstream (Karanganyar Village), and downstream (Karangsari Village) zones. Water samples were collected using purposive sampling and analyzed by the Environmental Agency of Pekalongan City through laboratory testing, descriptive statistics, and a scoring-based suitability assessment. The results showed that temperature (25.3–26.1°C), brightness (38–54 cm), dissolved oxygen (5.2–5.7 mg/L), pH (7.0–7.3), BOD (0.19–1.05 mg/L), COD (20.65–35.92 mg/L), and nitrite (0.026–0.041 mg/L) met the Class III water quality standards based on Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021. Plankton abundance ranged from 47,410 to 75,000 ind/L, indicating fertile and productive waters. With an overall suitability score of 86 (highly suitable category), the Sengkarang River is considered feasible for the cultivation of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), catfish (Clarias sp.), and gourami (Osphronemus goramy). These findings highlight the strong potential of the Sengkarang River for sustainable aquaculture development and emphasize the importance of regular environmental monitoring to maintain water quality and ecological balance.

Aquatic Life Sciences

Teng Poh Chow, Parwati Ni Nyoman, Agustini Ketut, Tegeh I Made

“You don’t really understand something until you learn it in more than one way.” – Marvin Minsky. Pervasive learning is transforming educational paradigms by enabling adaptive, continuous, and personalized learning experiences beyond traditional classrooms. This study proposes an innovative framework for a Pervasive Educational Companion that seamlessly integrates into daily activities to support lifelong learning. Focusing on adult learners as the primary users, the research emphasizes the need for flexibility, autonomy, and adaptability in learning processes. Through literature review, mixed-methods analysis, and empirical validation, the study highlights the significance of personalization, adaptability, and systemic integration for effective learning environments. Findings indicate that elements such as gamification and virtual reality substantially enhance learner motivation and engagement. The proposed system provides real-time feedback, adaptive learning pathways, and contextual resources to improve learning retention and efficiency. Key challenges—including technological barriers, digital inequality, and pedagogical evolution—are also discussed. This framework aims to build an inclusive and transformative pervasive learning ecosystem empowered by AI and IoT, fostering sustainable individual growth through lifelong learning.

Kolaborasi Masyarakat