Sustainable Economy

Syafira Andini Pandia, Wahyu Ario Pratomo

Rapid tourism development often generates environmental and socio-economic challenges, particularly in emerging destinations where governance and stakeholder coordination remain limited. In the Lake Toba area, concerns persist regarding the alignment of tourism growth with Sustainable Development Goal 11 (SDG 11). This study analyzes the influence of sustainable tourism, community participation, and non-state actor participation on SDG 11 achievement in Parapat City. A quantitative approach was employed using Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). Data were collected from 20 expert-based stakeholders selected through purposive sampling, including representatives from government, tourism businesses, NGOs, and academia. The measurement model demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability, with AVE values above 0.50 and composite reliability values exceeding 0.70. The findings show that sustainable tourism has a positive and significant effect on SDG 11 achievement (β = 0.264; t = 2.152; p = 0.031), while non-state actor participation demonstrates the strongest positive influence (β = 0.655; t = 3.318; p = 0.001). Community participation shows a positive but statistically insignificant effect (β = 0.061; t = 0.276; p = 0.782). The model explains 88.5% of the variance in SDG 11 achievement (R² = 0.885), although the findings should be interpreted as exploratory due to the limited sample size and localized study scope. The study highlights the importance of collaborative governance in sustainable tourism development, particularly through the active involvement of non-state actors, while indicating the need to strengthen the effectiveness of community participation in tourism planning and implementation.

Sustainable Economy

Prawidya Hariani, Akbar Syahputra

Indonesia faces the dual challenge of sustaining economic growth while reducing environmental pressure in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Evidence regarding how green economy indicators relate to labor productivity in Indonesia remains limited, particularly during the post-SDG period. This study contributes by integrating green economy indicators with macroeconomic determinants of labor productivity within a unified empirical framework. The study analyzes selected green economy indicators and examines the relationship between labor productivity and key macroeconomic variables in Indonesia during 2014–2023 using a quantitative time-series approach. Descriptive analysis and Ordinary Least Squares regression are applied to annual national data. Results show that emission intensity declined from 5.1 to 4.0 and final energy intensity from 0.43 to 0.34, indicating improved environmental efficiency, while GDP per capita increased from approximately USD 3,600 to USD 4,870. Regression results indicate that labor force size is negatively associated with labor productivity (β = −0.4711; p = 0.0216), suggesting that increases in labor supply may reduce average productivity when not supported by skills and capital. GDP per capita is positively associated with productivity (β = 3.95 × 10⁻⁷; p = 0.0380), reflecting the role of structural upgrading and technological progress. Energy consumption is not statistically significant (p = 0.9545), indicating a weakening link between energy use and productivity. The model explains 62.49% of productivity variation (R² = 0.6249). Findings should be interpreted cautiously because of the small sample size. These findings support Indonesia’s transition toward a sustainable green economy through productivity-driven and environmentally efficient economic development.

Sustainable Economy

Muh. Muhaimin Nur Sultan, Ilham Ilham

Natural tourism is recognized as a vital pillar for regional development. However, its optimization in secondary cities is frequently hindered by fragmented institutional execution and structural constraints, leaving high-potential natural capital under-utilized. This study aims to analyze strategic governance mechanisms for natural tourism development and to identify key opportunities and structural challenges influencing sustainable economic outcomes. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed, involving in-depth interviews with nine purposively selected informants, direct field observations at five major natural tourism sites, and document analysis. Data were analyzed using the interactive model of reduction, display, and verification. Analytically, the study highlights operational variations where progressive municipal branding and planning do not fully translate into localized capacity due to decentralized coordination gaps. The findings reveal that while tourism expansion generates vital local economic multipliers—such as micro-enterprise stimulation and regional revenue enhancement—its optimization remains heavily bottlenecked by fragmented infrastructure and low community integration. This research advances natural tourism governance discourse by shifting the analytical focus from descriptive strategy to a critical diagnosis of policy-execution gaps within resource-constrained secondary cities. This study demonstrates that long-term sustainability depends on establishing formalized multi-stakeholder platforms that bridge institutional design with local community adaptive capacity.

Sustainable Economy

Aris Jumadil, Sitti Aisya, Ferdiawan Ferdiawan

Intensive vannamei shrimp aquaculture significantly contributes to regional economies but may simultaneously generate environmental degradation and limited community integration, threatening long-term business sustainability. Strengthening sustainability-based management is therefore essential to maintain ecological balance and competitive performance within coastal aquaculture industries. This study aimed to analyze how integrated sustainability practices contribute to competitive advantage at PT Graha Tambak Pinotu, Central Sulawesi. A qualitative descriptive case-study approach was employed between May and July 2025 through in-depth interviews, field observations, and document analysis involving four stakeholder groups: company management, operational employees, local community representatives, and village authorities. Data were analyzed using thematic coding based on economic, social, environmental, and strategic sustainability dimensions. The findings demonstrate that the company institutionalizes sustainability practices across operational activities. Economically, production stability is supported through certified shrimp seed, controlled feed management, and digital water-quality monitoring systems, while feed costs remained within the estimated industry range of 50–70% of operational expenditure. Socially, the company employs more than 300 local workers and provides technical training in Good Aquaculture Practices (GAP), contributing to local income stability and workforce capacity development. Environmentally, wastewater is treated through sedimentation ponds, probiotic-based pond management reduces chemical dependency, and routine monitoring of temperature, pH, salinity, and ammonia concentration supports environmental stability. Expansion into national and export markets further strengthens business resilience and competitiveness. The study concludes that sustainability practices function as strategic resources that enhance operational efficiency, stakeholder legitimacy, and long-term competitive advantage within coastal aquaculture systems.

Sustainable Economy

Kanya Octafirani Chandra

This study examines the relationship between Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) economic pillar indicators and regional economic performance across Java Island, Indonesia, during the 2015–2022 period. Using panel data regression analysis, the study investigates the influence of electricity accessibility, open unemployment rate, manufacturing industry growth, income inequality, and internet usage on regional economic growth. The findings reveal that manufacturing industry growth is positively and statistically significantly associated with regional economic performance, indicating the important contribution of industrial sector expansion to economic development in Java Island. In contrast, internet usage demonstrates a negative and statistically significant association with economic growth. This result should be interpreted cautiously because it may reflect structural disparities, unequal digital productivity, or consumption-oriented internet behavior rather than a direct negative causal effect on economic performance. Meanwhile, electricity accessibility, open unemployment rate, and income inequality do not show statistically significant relationships with regional economic growth during the observed period. Overall, the findings suggest that sectoral productivity and structural economic transformation play a more substantial role than basic infrastructure indicators in shaping regional economic performance. These results contribute to the growing literature on SDGs-based economic development and provide practical insights for policymakers in formulating more balanced, inclusive, and sustainable regional development strategies. Strengthening productive sectors while improving the quality of digital utilization may support long-term economic resilience and sustainable development achievement across regions in Indonesia more effectively overall. Future studies are encouraged to include environmental, educational, and institutional indicators to provide broader explanations of regional economic sustainability in Indonesia today.

Sustainable Economy