Suci Pratiwi, Teti Rostikawati

The Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae) is critically endangered due to poaching and habitat loss, yet learning media based on authentic behavioral data are limited. This research and development study aimed to observe the behavior of captive Sumatran tigers and integrate the findings into a digital biology e-magazine. Observations were conducted at Ragunan Zoo, Jakarta, over 14 days (December 2023–January 2024), totaling 84 hours. The subjects were a 13-year-old male and a 15-year-old female tiger, observed using focal animal sampling and continuous recording during two daily sessions (08:00–12:00 and 13:00–15:00 WIB). Behaviors were categorized into resting, locomotion, social interaction, elimination, and other activities. Resting behavior dominated the activity budget of both tigers (male: 50.56%; female: 49.05%), which is typical for captive carnivores and influenced by enclosure conditions and daytime heat. Social interaction and elimination were the least frequently observed behaviors. The behavioral results were used to develop a digital e-magazine through analysis, design, validation, and revision stages. Product feasibility was evaluated using Likert-scale questionnaires completed by three expert validators and four senior high school biology teachers. The validation results indicated high feasibility, with expert and teacher scores of 93.3 percent and 85 percent, respectively, suggesting strong potential for classroom application. This study demonstrates that ex-situ behavioral data can be transformed into accessible digital learning media to support biodiversity education and conservation awareness aligned with SDG 15. Nevertheless, behavioral interpretations should be considered preliminary, as observations were limited to two captive individuals and learning outcomes were not assessed.