Sciences of Pharmacy Archives (Volume 1 Issue 2)

Jessy Amalia Pratama Beta, Octaviana Maria Simbolon, Maria Elvina Tresia Butar-butar. Antibiotic Use in Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Gangrene at Abdoel Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda Hospital. Sciences of Pharmacy. 2022; 1(2):33-39.

Abstract: Gangrene is one of the complications of diabetes mellitus. Along with the rising prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), the prevalence of gangrene and necrosis manifestations such as ulcers and infections will ascend. The selection of appropriate antibiotics is critical in infection therapy. Inapprop Show more...

Abstract: Gangrene is one of the complications of diabetes mellitus. Along with the rising prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), the prevalence of gangrene and necrosis manifestations such as ulcers and infections will ascend. The selection of appropriate antibiotics is critical in infection therapy. Inappropriate use of antibiotics will result in antibiotic resistance. Therefore, this research aims to overview demographic, clinical characteristics, antibiotic use profiles, and antibiotic-related problems for DM patients with gangrene at the Abdoel Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda Hospital. The study was retrospective research and was conducted in July-December 2021. Twenty-one patients met the inclusion criteria, and demographic data showed that most patients were men 57% (n=11), and most age was 39-59 years (57%, n=12). The longest period of suffering from gangrene was 6-10 years (14%, n=3). The most common length of hospitalization was 8-14 days, as reported by 52 percent (n=11) of patients, and the most common duration of antibiotic use was ten days, as reported by 86 percent (n=18) of patients. A single-used antibiotic was ceftriaxone (19%, n=4) patients. The most used antibiotic combination was ceftriaxone and metronidazole (81%, n=17). Fourteen patients used antibiotics appropriately in dosage, route, and frequency. Four patients were unsuitable for the benefit of antibiotics in terms of antibiotic type, and three patients were unsuitable for antibiotic use in terms of duration of administration. Show less...

Diabetes wound healing Gangrene Antibiotics resistance Antibiotic-related problems Drug-related problem

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Ainun Jariya, Andi Atirah Masyita, Ririen Hardani. Knowledge Level of OTC and OTC Limited Drugs Use for Self-medication in the Community of Tondo Village, Mantikulore District, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Sciences of Pharmacy. 2022; 1(2):25-32.

Abstract: Self-medication is treatment without a doctor's prescription. Based on the Indonesia Central Bureau of Statistics (2022), the percentage of self-medication for the people of Central Sulawesi in 2021 is 85.85%. Self-medication can have a bad impact without the right knowledge, even causing death. The Show more...

Abstract: Self-medication is treatment without a doctor's prescription. Based on the Indonesia Central Bureau of Statistics (2022), the percentage of self-medication for the people of Central Sulawesi in 2021 is 85.85%. Self-medication can have a bad impact without the right knowledge, even causing death. The study aimed to determine the community characteristics who did self-medication. These minor illnesses were treated with self-medication, the profile of over-the-counter (OTC) and OTC limited medicines for self-medication, and the level of knowledge of these medicines used for self-medication in the community of Tondo Village. This type of research was descriptive, with a sample of 386 respondents who were taken using purposive sampling. Data collection was started from August – November 2021. Based on the results, the respondent’s characteristics were female (52.3%), aged 26-35 (24.4%), household work (31.1%), and history of high school education (46.4%). Minor illnesses that were treated by self-medication were fever (15.54%), ulcer (7.46%), cough (15.54%), flu (18.91%), diarrhea (2.85%), headache (1 .30%), and allergy (0.78%). The profiles of OTC and OTC limited drugs are limited to paracetamol for fever (33.16%), antacids for ulcers (75.70%), Komix® for coughs (28.8%), Mixagrib® for flu (36.99%), Entrostop® for diarrhea (70,00%), Ibuprofen for headaches (100%), and CTM for allergies (100%). The percentage of drugs purchased in pharmacies or drug stores was 61.46%. The selection of drugs was based on experience, personal/family usage history (84.46%), and self-medication was used to save treatment costs (47.15%). The knowledge of OTC and OTC-limited drugs were categorized as good (75.09%). Based on the findings, we can conclude that the level of knowledge on the use of OTC and OTC limited drugs for self-medication of Tondo people is categorized as good. Show less...

Over-the-counter medicine (OTC) Self-medication Drug use knowledge

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Dwi Ayu Riningsih, Octaviana Maria Simbolon, Maria Elvina Tresia Butar-butar. Profile of Intravenous Preparation Mixing in Patients at the Regional General Hospital's Intensive Care Unit Abdoel Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda. Sciences of Pharmacy. 2022; 1(2):18-24.

Abstract: Compatibility is one of the quality characteristics of intravenous (IV) preparations that influences the effectiveness of patient therapy in the intensive care Unit (ICU). This study aimed to determine the compatibility profile of IV medication formulations given to ICU patients. This prospective ob Show more...

Abstract: Compatibility is one of the quality characteristics of intravenous (IV) preparations that influences the effectiveness of patient therapy in the intensive care Unit (ICU). This study aimed to determine the compatibility profile of IV medication formulations given to ICU patients. This prospective observational research was undertaken on patients in the ICU of a private hospital in Samarinda. The data on the intravenous combination of drugs were compared in this study utilizing the ASHP Injectable Drug Information literature 21st edition, Injectable drug guide, and Manual Book. Injectable Drug Mixing was published in 2009 as a resource for determining the compatibility of intravenous formulations. Using certain criteria, combinations of intravenous medicines and their solvents are classed as compatible (C), incompatible (I), and unknown (U). The ICU had 25 patients, 15 of whom were male, and 10 of them were female. There is no mixing of drug compounds containing incompatible solvents. All drugs were carried out with 100% compatible solvents. The limited information related to the compatibility and stability of these intravenous preparations encourages continuous monitoring of the patient's condition and drug levels. Show less...

Intravenous preparation compatibility Intensive Care Unit Intravenous admixture Compatibility study

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Christy Putri Tari, Octaviana Maria Simbolon, Maria Elvina Tresia Butar-butar. Evaluation of Mixed Intravenous Preparation in Patients at the Hospital "X" Samarinda's Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Sciences of Pharmacy. 2022; 1(2):10-17.

Abstract: Mixing intravenous preparation, especially in patients' intensive care unit (ICU) at the hospital, requires special attention on their higher medication errors, such as nosocomial infection and incompatibility drugs. The personnel, facilities, infrastructure, and mixing process must be carefully con Show more...

Abstract: Mixing intravenous preparation, especially in patients' intensive care unit (ICU) at the hospital, requires special attention on their higher medication errors, such as nosocomial infection and incompatibility drugs. The personnel, facilities, infrastructure, and mixing process must be carefully considered when preparing sterile mixtures. This study aims to calculate the percentage of suitability for the mixing process for intravenous preparations based on the Basic Guidelines for Dispensing Sterile Preparations, Guidelines for Injectable and Cytostatic Drugs in 2009, and the Handbook of Injectable Drugs Edition 16th for Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients at the hospital “X” Samarinda. The research is descriptive research using sheets of observational data collection. The research subjects are mixing facilities, infrastructure, and procedures. We found as many as 215 processes of mixing intravenous preparations in the ICU, showing that nurses carried out 100% of compounding, 100% of the infrastructure did not have a clean room, LAF, and pass box, 53% carried out the mixing process according to procedures, and physical quality tests. Drug preparations follow the Handbook of Injectable Drugs Edition 16th. The preparations produced are clear and free of foreign particles. Show less...

Mixed intravenous preparation Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Sterile dosage Drug physical quality

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Recky Patala, Viani Anggi. Pharmacophore Modeling and Molecular Docking of Flavonoid Derivatives in Abelmoschus manihot Against Human Estrogen Receptor Alpha of Breast Cancer. Sciences of Pharmacy. 2022; 1(2):1-9.

Abstract: Tamoxifen is the most commonly used anti-estrogen adjuvant therapy for estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. However, it is associated with an increased risk of some serious side effects, such as uterine cancer, stroke, and pulmonary embolism. The flavonoid compounds in the leaves of A. manihot Show more...

Abstract: Tamoxifen is the most commonly used anti-estrogen adjuvant therapy for estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. However, it is associated with an increased risk of some serious side effects, such as uterine cancer, stroke, and pulmonary embolism. The flavonoid compounds in the leaves of A. manihot inhibited the growth of 4T1 breast cancer cells at a CTC50 concentration of 185.06 μg/ml. Therefore, this study aims to examine the molecular interactions and pharmacophore modeling based on the interaction of 4-OHT with human ER, followed by the molecular docking of the flavonoid derivatives with human ERα. The molecular docking simulations and 3D structure-based pharmacophore models were used to identify the molecular interactions of flavonoid derivatives in A. manihot on estrogen receptors (ERα) (PDB ID: 3ERT). The results showed that the binding energies of the flavonoid derivatives in isorhamnetin and isoquercitrin were -8.68 kcal/mol and -8.75 kcal/mol, respectively. This compound also interacted with Arg394 and Glu353 important amino acid residues in the ERα-binding pocket. Meanwhile, the pharmacophore fit scores of isorhamnetin and isoquercitrin were 82.36% and 84.91%, respectively. The flavonoid derivatives in A. manihot had pharmacophore fit resulting from the 4-OHT complex with ER, and therefore they had potential as ERα antagonists. Out of the 10 flavonoid derivatives, isorhamnetin and isoquercitrin showed the best docking scores and could be used as candidates for new anti-breast cancer drugs with antagonistic activity against ERα. Show less...

Abelmoschus manihot Estrogen Receptor Alpha Molecular Docking Pharmacophore

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