Sciences of Pharmacy Archives (Volume 2 Issue 2)

Rima Farag Elmuzghi . Assessing the Influential Factors Associated with Medication Non-Adherence and Self-Care Practices Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Tripoli, Libya. Sciences of Pharmacy. 2023; 2(2):104-116.

Abstract: Influential factors causing poor adherence to antidiabetic medications and self-care practices among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients have not been reported before in Libya. To assess such factors that contribute to non-adherence, a single health facility, cross-sectional descriptive study w Show more...

Abstract: Influential factors causing poor adherence to antidiabetic medications and self-care practices among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients have not been reported before in Libya. To assess such factors that contribute to non-adherence, a single health facility, cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on T2DM patients attending the NCDE in Tripoli/ Libya; using a pre-tested questionnaire. Crude odds ratios in the binary logistic regression were used to describe the associations between medication adherence and various independent factors using SPSS version 26. Adjusted odds ratios with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals were further generated in the multivariable analysis, to determine variables which were independently associated with medication adherence and were considered significant at a p-value of <0.05. Of the 380 study participants, only 225(67.1%) were adherent. 159(41.8%) were non-adherence to physician recommendations and were careless when taking their medication, 200(52.6%) found difficulty maintaining recommended dietary restrictions, 211(55.5%) and 97(25.5%) didn’t adhere to regular exercise or blood glucose monitoring; respectively. Factors significant association with non-adherence were; medication being taken; especially patients who were prescribed OHA and insulin ([AOR] [95% CI] = 0.214[0.073-0.632]), being careless and not taking prescribed medication as recommended ([AOR] [95% CI] = 2.880 [1.387- 5.983]), forgetfulness ([AOR] [95% CI] =0.199 [0.070- 0.570], stop taking prescribed antidiabetic medication when feeling well ( [AOR] [95% CI] = 0.153[0.058- 0.402], medications side effects ( [AOR] [95% CI]=0.382 [0.181- 0.809] and unawareness of the consequences of not adhering to medication as recommended and the consequences skipping doses ([AOR] [95% CI] = 0.146 [0.037- 0.581]). Adherence to recommended medication and self-care practices in Libya is unsatisfactory. Diabetes education, awareness programs, and regular monitoring of T2DM individuals’ medication adherence and self-care practices are vitally required. Show less...

Medication adherence Self-care practices Type 2 diabetes mellitus Libya

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Bedanta Bhattacharjee, Rajashri Bezbaruah, Damanbhalang Rynjah, Arzoo Newar, Sindhuja Sengupta, Padmanath Pegu, Nikita Dey, Shekhar Chandra Bora, Dhunusmita Barman. Cold Atmospheric Plasma: A Noteworthy Approach in Medical Science. Sciences of Pharmacy. 2023; 2(2):79-103.

Abstract: Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a novel technology with boundless significance that can be used in the medical sector that offers noninvasive in-vivo applications without damaging the living tissues. CAPs can be obtained by curtailing the concentration of high-energetic electrons per phase and by f Show more...

Abstract: Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a novel technology with boundless significance that can be used in the medical sector that offers noninvasive in-vivo applications without damaging the living tissues. CAPs can be obtained by curtailing the concentration of high-energetic electrons per phase and by freezing molecules/atoms (devoid of charge) in plasma utilizing gas circulation and atmospheric air, which includes a variety of charged and neutral reactive entities, UV rays, electric currents, and fields, etc. that have an influence on cellular material in a multitude of diverse manners. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), produced by the plasma, essentially cause biological and therapeutically advantageous plasma effects. CAP plasma has several important biological functions, including the deactivation of pathogens, induction of tissue restoration and cell propagation, the annihilation of cells by triggering apoptosis, etc. Several fundamental concepts are defined, even if the precise process of the effect of plasma on biomolecules is still not properly identified. Depending on the biological synthesis of RNS and ROS in reactions to plasma emissions, the present review described several aspects of plasma therapy in neuroscience, particularly in anti-glioblastoma, neuro-differentiation, and neuroprotection and also the various applications of CAP in medical fields where it is used in the therapy of SARS-CoV-2, cancer therapy, and chronic and acute wounds. Furthermore, the proliferation in stem cells, dental medicines, dermatology, and a brief insight into CAP devices and their risk factors was highlighted. Show less...

CAP Plasma Cancer SARS-CoV-2 Wound healing CAP devices

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Elena O Bakhrushina, Liliya M Buraya, Egor D Moiseev, Marina M Shumkova, Maria A Davydova, Ivan I Krasnyuk. Optimizing Abiraterone Delivery through Intratumoral In Situ Implant: A Prospective Pharmaceutical Development Approach. Sciences of Pharmacy. 2023; 2(2):72-78.

Abstract: Abiraterone acetate is one of the effective therapies in castration-resistant prostate cancer. There is only one dosage form in the form of film-coated tablets. Abiraterone has proven effective but has disadvantages and contraindications that complicate therapy. One of them is a positive food effect Show more...

Abstract: Abiraterone acetate is one of the effective therapies in castration-resistant prostate cancer. There is only one dosage form in the form of film-coated tablets. Abiraterone has proven effective but has disadvantages and contraindications that complicate therapy. One of them is a positive food effect affecting the bioavailability and side effects of the drug. Abiraterone is taken strictly on an empty stomach, and the bioavailability of the drug, in this case, reaches only 10%. In addition, the drug is contraindicated in people with hepatic insufficiency since the main metabolism is in the liver. These and other disadvantages can be eliminated by obtaining targeted delivery systems - liposomes and nanocrystals. Another dosage form could be considered for the active pharmaceutical agent that would be cost-effective, accessible and have higher bioavailability for effective treatment. An intratumoral polymeric in situ implant is chosen as an excellent dosage form, the matrix of which will contain an optimized form of abiraterone, which can stably target a tumor. Show less...

Abiraterone acetate Bioavailability In situ Tumors Chemotherapy Intratumoral implantation

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Fauzia Noprima Okta, Desi Nadya Aulena, Pramudita Ika Yuliana, Risma Marisi Tambunan. In Vitro Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibition Test on Extract Dayak Onion Herb (Eleutherine americana (Aubl.) Merr. ex K. Heyne). Sciences of Pharmacy. 2023; 2(2):63-71.

Abstract: One of the world's silent killer diseases is hypertension. Hypertension occurs when angiotensin I is converted to angiotensin II, causing vasoconstriction and decreasing sodium and water excretion. The mechanism of angiotensin I conversion to angiotensin II appears in the presence of the Angiotensin Show more...

Abstract: One of the world's silent killer diseases is hypertension. Hypertension occurs when angiotensin I is converted to angiotensin II, causing vasoconstriction and decreasing sodium and water excretion. The mechanism of angiotensin I conversion to angiotensin II appears in the presence of the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE). Dayak onion is widely used as an antihypertensive in traditional medicine. This study aims to identify secondary metabolites, determine total flavonoid content, determine extract quality parameters, and ACE inhibitory activity of the Dayak onion herb. Dayak onion herb was extracted with 70% ethanol by kinetic maceration, followed by phytochemical screening, extract quality assessment, and ACE inhibitory test. The results show that the Dayak onion extract has a good properties with total ash content of 4.49%, water-soluble ash content of 4.00%, acid-insoluble ash content of 0.41%, drying shrinkage of 9.70%, water content of 5.72%, solvent residue of 0.67%, Pb heavy metal content of 0.2908 mg/kg, Cd heavy metal content of 0.0880 mg/kg, total plate number ≤103 colonies/g, and yeast mold numbers ≤103 colonies/g. Dayak onions herbs extract contains flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin, tannin, triterpenoid, quinone, steroid and essential oil compounds. The total flavonoid content was 2.24% and the IC50 in ACE inhibitory test was 98.5 ± 0.77 ppm, making it two times more potent than Veronica biloba and Schoenoplectus triqueter. The result of this study indicates that the Dayak onion herb can be used as an alternative for antihypertensive treatment. Show less...

Angiotensin converting enzyme Dayak onion Eleutherine americana Extract quality parameters Flavonoid

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Navajit Sahu, Bikram Dutta Tassa, Swarnamoni Das. Central and Peripheral Analgesic Activities of Aqueous Extract of Centella Asiatica (AECA) Leaves in Rats and Mice. Sciences of Pharmacy. 2023; 2(2):56-62.

Abstract: The demand of herbal based medicines are increasing all over the world and the focus on plant research has increased. Centella asiatica (CA) is a medicinal herb used in traditional medicine as remedy for a variety of diseases. It is widely used in Ayurvedic medicines. The present study evaluated the Show more...

Abstract: The demand of herbal based medicines are increasing all over the world and the focus on plant research has increased. Centella asiatica (CA) is a medicinal herb used in traditional medicine as remedy for a variety of diseases. It is widely used in Ayurvedic medicines. The present study evaluated the Analgesic Activity of Aqueous Extract of the leaves of Centella asiatica (AECA). Acute oral toxicity test was performed according to Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2008 (OECD) guidelines. The tail flick method and glacial acetic acid-induced writhing tests were used to study the central and peripheral analgesic activities of AECA, respectively. AECA (200mg/kg) produced significant analgesia in both central and peripheral mechanisms compared to the control. The maximal analgesic effect was observed after 90 minutes of drug administration in the tail-flick method. In the glacial acetic acid-induced writhing test, AECA (200 mg/kg, p.o) produced a significant decrease (71.07%) in the number of writhes (p<0.01) when compared to the control. Therefore, CA can be a very promising herbal-based medicine for treatment of various painful conditions. Further investigations are needed to determine the precise mechanism and site of action of AECA. Show less...

Central analgesic Peripheral analgesic Centella asiatica Aqueous extract Tail-flick Writhing Glacial acetic acid

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Avinash J. Pujari, Bidhan Dolai. Evaluating Advancements in Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Through a Scientometric Mapping. Sciences of Pharmacy. 2023; 2(2):46-55.

Abstract: The study focused on using scientometric methods to analyze forensic medicine and toxicology literature. The selected period for the study was from 2013 to 2022, allowing for a recent and comprehensive field analysis. The study used bibliographic data from a PubMed database, a widely used biomedical Show more...

Abstract: The study focused on using scientometric methods to analyze forensic medicine and toxicology literature. The selected period for the study was from 2013 to 2022, allowing for a recent and comprehensive field analysis. The study used bibliographic data from a PubMed database, a widely used biomedical literature database. The study aimed to provide a comprehensive picture of the production and dissemination of the literature in the field. To achieve this, the study analyzed various bibliometric indicators, including theme analysis, keyword evolvement, and collaboration map. The analysis of trending topics and future thematic directions in the field was also conducted to provide insight that could inform and stimulate the research interests of young researchers. This scholarly article explains the construction of author networks, the assessment of author productivity yearly, and the analysis of affiliation networks and organizations. The number of articles published by an institution is an essential indicator of research productivity and expertise in the particular field. The study's findings provided valuable insights into the trends and patterns in forensic medicine and toxicology. Show less...

Forensic medicine and toxicology Scientometric Biblioshiny Research trend

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